Recognize the purposes of and differences among sample surveys experiments and observational studies; explain how randomization relates to each.

Sample Practice Questions (3)

The graph below represents the distribution of test scores for a control group and a treatment group in a randomized experiment. If the treatment group's mean is significantly higher than the control group's mean, what can be concluded?

AThe treatment likely caused the increase in test scores.

BThe sample was biased and the results are invalid.

CAn observational study would have provided more accurate results.

DThe difference is due to random chance alone.

Multiple choice · diagramSee Answer + Explanation →

A survey of 50 randomly selected seniors at a high school found that 40 percent plan to major in a STEM field. To which population can these results be most safely generalized?

AAll students at the high school.

BAll high school seniors in the state.

CAll seniors at that specific high school.

DAll students in the United States.

Multiple choice · diagramSee Answer + Explanation →

A survey was conducted to determine the favorite academic subjects of 100 students. Based on the bar chart shown below, which statement represents a valid conclusion about the sample?

AMore students prefer Math than History.

BExactly

40%

of all students in the district prefer Math.

CThe survey is biased because it was taken in a Math class.

DScience is the least favorite subject among all students.

Multiple choice · diagramSee Answer + Explanation →

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